CIAP is not starting from scratch. Commercially demonstrated components and materials research inform the platform; their maturity must not be confused with readiness of the entire integrated CIAP system.
Commercially demonstrated CO₂ capture/mineralisation and mineralised aggregate/block-production building blocks. Not a rating for the complete CIAP system.
Biomass cementitious material, MSW-to-foamed-concrete and feedstock-specific chemical extraction research; local performance still requires validation.
CIAP-specific thermal and materials configuration; engineering, ash quality and modular integration remain development work.
The platform as a whole requires integration, environmental testing and demonstration under representative conditions.
Demonstrate integrated operation and material performance in a relevant operating environment; a target, not an achieved rating.
Deployment and replication follow successful validation, approvals and a financeable project case.
Plan-stated development positioning as of October 2026, not independent TRL certification. TRL 9 applies to specific mature components, not CIAP as a whole.
Moving-grate treatment is the current conceptual design basis. Feasibility will assess established alternatives, including fluidised-bed and rotary-kiln treatment, against feedstock and material-quality requirements. Patent-pending thermal redesign does not establish proven ash-quality gains.
Commercial ash-to-construction-material use exists for suitable treated residues, particularly air-pollution-control residues. Local bottom ash and other fractions require separate characterisation and leaching tests. Conditioning, mineralisation and potential vitrification routes are subject to engineering selection and validation.
Established route · APCR
APCR is the primary material in the established accelerated-carbonation aggregate route. This provides a technology precedent—not evidence that the integrated CIAP platform is already demonstrated.
RPU development objective · IBA
Adapt the process and plant so IBA can potentially achieve comparable aggregate performance and applicable leaching requirements. The opportunity is to extend the usable mineral resource beyond APCR—not to claim that IBA compliance has been achieved.
APCR and IBA are distinct residues, not interchangeable feedstocks or an automatic combined mix. Each route requires characterisation, suitable treatment, physical-property and leaching tests, and approval for the intended end use. Remaining unsuitable residues need compliant management.
ACT means Accelerated Carbonation Technology. The existing ACT patent belongs to a third party, not FEG. Two inventors are members of FEG’s team; their involvement does not transfer patent ownership or establish licensing rights, exclusivity or Caribbean patent rights. No ACT patent in the Caribbean is asserted.
No percentage comparison of APCR and IBA yields is presented: a consistent incoming-waste basis and supporting evidence must first be verified.
Which local waste and biomass fractions produce safe, consistent materials?
Can candidate products meet leaching, strength, durability and offtake specifications?
Can modules operate reliably together with verified mass, energy and water balances?
Can land-based, mobile or potential barge configurations meet safety, logistics and regulatory requirements?
The pilot aims to demonstrate an integrated system at TRL 6–7. Deployment at TRL 8–9 is a subsequent target dependent on results, approvals and project viability.
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